Hair-dressing apparatus.



F. SAVOUREUX.

HAIR DRESSING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26. 1914.

1,145,035. Patented July 6, 1915.

VIII/[III] '//////II(I/// ////I//////42 more evenly and effectively,

HAIR-DRESSING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 1915.

Application filed .Tune 26, 1914. Serial No. 847,380.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK SAvoU- REUX, a citizen of the United States, residing at the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hair-Dressing A pparatus, of which the following is a speclfication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, formlng part thereof.

My invention relates to hair dressing apparatus, particularly such as is employed in hairdressing establishments for producing a permanent Marcel wave.

Objects of my invention are to produce both a betterand a more lasting wave.

Other more particular objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafter appear.

My invention includes the forcing and holding apart of ,two bars over which the hair is wound in figure eight form, so that the hair'isstretched and brought into intimate relation with these bars during treatment, such as the application of a suitable dressing and heat.

y invention also includes means for clamping the hairupon opposite sides of the bars, so that the hair on the bars is firmly held in place and the heat applied the hair being covered with absorbent material.

My invention further includes features of construction and combinations of parts, as will appear from the following description.

I shall now describe the hair dressing apparatus embodying my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and shall thereafter point out my invention in claims.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section lengthwise of one form of the apparatus,

with a strand of hair in position. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section on a plane indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, as viewed from the left. Fig. 3 is a plan of the hair-receiving bars with a strand of hair wound thereon, but not yet stretched. Fig. 4 is a similar view with the bars forced apart and the hair omitted.

In the apparatus embodying my invention illustrated in the drawings, two adjacent parallel metal bars 1 and 2 are employed, each shown as having two sets of non-intersecting transverse perforations.

one of the bars,

The hair-receiving bars 1 and 2 are held in proper relation to each other and may be positively forced away from each other by screws 3 and at, shown as passing through adjacent ends of these bars. These screws pass freely through the bar 1 and have screw-threaded engagement with the bars 2. The screw 3 is provided with a thrust collar 5, and the screw 4 with a removable thrustreceiving pin 6.

In use, the hair-winding operation is begun with the screw 3 in position and the bars 1 and 2 adjusted close together, as appears in Fig. 3, but with the screw 4 removed. The strand of hair is first given a turn, next to the scalp, about the screw 3, between the bars 1 and 2, and tied with a. thread, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Then the strand of hair is closely wound over, partly around and between the bars 1 and 2 in the form of a figure eight (8), as shown in the drawings, and when the winding is completed the end of the strand is tied fast to as appears in Fig. 3. When the winding and tying of the strand is completed, the screw at is inserted through the smooth screw-receiving hole in the bar 1 and screwed through the bar 2 until the head of this screw comes into contact with the bar 1, as appears in Fig. 3, then the thust pin 6 is inserted in the screw 4. A strip of flannel 7, on which is a suitable paste or other dressing, is wound over the hair around the bars 1 and 2 between the screws 3 and 4. The screws 3 and 4 are now turned in the direction to separate the bars 1 and 2 and positively force the bars away from each other and operate to stretch the hair between and around the bars and to bring it into intimate closely curved relation to the bars, as most clearly appears in Fig. 2; and this separative movement of the bars also brings the hair into intimate relation with its absorbent covering. However, if preferred, the bars 1 form the stretching operation before the application of the flannel wrapping, which then could be wound a little more closely or tightly. Finally, that is, in completion of this part of the operation, a flattened paper tube 8, shown as closed at its 'outer end, is slipped over the hair-containing bars '1 and '2 and screws 3 and 4 and completely shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

and 2 may be forced apart to per- Means are provided for concurrently applying pressure and heat to the hair on the bars, to permanently set or fix the curl' or wave in the hair, by pressure and baktwo metal channel-shaped longitudinally telescopic combined heatapplying and clamping members 9 and 10. The members I 9 and 10 are shown as incorporated in sepaplace by metal plates rate heating and clamping parts provided with independent electrical heating devices and independent electrical connections, so that the two parts may be entirely separated from each other. The members 9 and 10 have electrical heating devices 11 of ordinary or suitable construction, provided with insulated terminals or connecting studs 12 carried by L-shaped brackets 13 mounted on the ends of the members 9 and 10. The heat ing elements 11 are protected and held in 14, shown as bolted to the members 9 and 10, and between which and the heating elements 11 are layers of heat insulation 15, so that the heat generated by the heating devices 11 will be transmitted to'the members 9 and 10 and not to any great extent to the holding plates 14.

In use, the two separate parts of the clamping and heating means are clamped upon the covered tightly wound hair at opposite sides of the bars 1 and 2, by means of a clamp shown as of a well known form and comprising a U-piece 16, a clamp-head 17 and a screw 18 having a fiat perforated head forming an eye. 4

In use, the separate combined clamping and heat-applying parts of the apparatus are placed in position with the members 9 and 10 inclosing the tube 8 and its contents and with the open end of the tube 8 projecting-to protect the hair at the scalp from undue heat, the clamp is placed in position so as to .engage the cover plates 14 substantially centrally and with the screw 18 uppermost, and the screw 18 is tightened, to force the members 9 and 10 together upon OPPosite sides of the paper tube 8 and hold them there during the application of heat.

In use, the apparatus is a suitable overhead support as is well understood in the art, by means of a supportthe eye formed by the head of the clamp screw 18. Also, as is likewise well understood in the practice of the art, several of the apparatus of my invention may be employed concurrently in dressing the same head larly suspended about the head. The electrical connections maybe made to. an overhead socket in the usual way.

It is obvious that various modifications may be madein the construction shown in the drawings and above particularly. de-

suspended from of hair and all simiscribed within the principle and scope of my invention.

I claim:

1. A hair dressing apparatus comprising 1 two adjacent bars over both of which the hair is wound, combined forcing and holdeach other and thus holding them to stretch the hair into firm relation with the bars and hold it there during treatment, and unyielding means for forcibly pressing the hair at opposite sides of the bars and unyieldingly holding it clamped during treatment.

2. A hair dressing apparatus comprising two adjacent bars over both of which the hair is wound, means for forcing and holding the bars apart to stretch the hair and hold it in firm relation to the bars, a heating device including relatively movable parts, and clamping means for clamping and pressing the heating device upon the hair at opposite sides of the bars and holding it clamped during the application of heat.

3. A hair dressing apparatus comprising two adjacent bars over both of which the hair is wound, means for forcing the bars apart to stretch the hair and hold it in firm relation to the bars, an absorbent covering for the hair surroundin the hair and bars; a heating device inc uding independent separable clamping parts having independent connections for supplying a heating agent to such parts and clamping means for clamping and pressing the heating device upon the covered hair at opposite sides of the bars and holding it there during the application of heat.

4. A hair dressing apparatus comprising two adjacent bars over both of which the hair is wound, and a screw at each of the adjacent ends of the bars for positively altering the distance between the bars throughout their length.

5. A hair dressmg apparatus comprising two adjacent bars over both of which the hair iswound, screw means for positively forcing the bars apart to stretch the hair over and hold it in firm relation to the bars, an absorbent coverin for the hair surrounding the hair and ars,a heating device including independent telescopic separable clamping parts having independent connections for supplying a heating agent to such parts, and clamping means for clamping andpresslng the parts of such heating device upon the covered hair at opposite sides,

of the bars and to hold it there during the application of heat.

6. A hair dressing apparatus comprising two adjacent bars over which the hair is wound, means for forcing and holding the bars apart to stretch the hair and hold it in firm relation to the bars during the applica- 0 means for moving the bars away from Wound, means'for forcing and holding the bars apart to stretch the hair and hold it in firm relation to the bars, a heating device including relatively movable parts, and a screw device for pressing and holding the heating device upon the hair at opposite sides of the bars during the application of heat. 8. A hair dressing apparatus comprising two adjacent bars over both which the hair is Wound, a screw at each of the adjacent ends of the bars for positively altering the distance between the bars throughout their length, a heating device including relatively movable parts between which said bars are inserted, and a screw device for pressing and holding the heating device upon the hair during the application of heat.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK SAVOURE UX.

Witnesses: 1 WM. ASHLEY KELLY, I'IARRY C. LEWIS. 

